2024년 고1 유형별 독해 정리(빈칸추론)- 학생용 교사용

유형별 독해 정리(빈칸추론)- 학생용 교사용

모의고사 기출문제를 유형별로 분류해서  사용하시는데 도움이 되고자 만들었습니다.

학생들 모의고사 문제 푸는 방법 연습할때 유용합니다.(첨부파일 한글파일 참고)

 

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Every species has certain climatic requirements—what degree of heat or cold it can endure, for example. When the climate changes, the places that satisfy those requirements change, too. Species are forced to follow. All creatures are capable of some degree of ______________. Even creatures that appear immobile, like trees and barnacles, are capable of dispersal at some stage of their life—as a seed, in the case of the tree, or as a larva, in the case of the barnacle. A creature must get from the place it is born—often occupied by its parent—to a place where it can survive, grow, and reproduce. From fossils, scientists know that even creatures like trees moved with surprising speed during past periods of climate change.

*barnacle: 따개비 **dispersal: 분산 ***fossil: 화석

 

① endurance

② movement

③ development

④ transformation

⑤ communication

 

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

No respectable boss would say, “I make it a point to discourage my staff from speaking up, and I maintain a culture that prevents disagreeing viewpoints from ever getting aired.” If anything, most bosses even say that they are pro­dissent. This idea can be found throughout the series of conversations with corporate, university, and nonprofit leaders, published weekly in the business sections of newspapers. In the interviews, the featured leaders are asked about their management techniques, and regularly claim to continually encourage _________________________ from more junior staffers. As Bot Pittman remarked in one of these conversations: “I want us to listen to these dissenters because they may intend to tell you why we can’t do something, but if you listen hard, what they’re really telling you is what you must do to get something done.”

*dissent: 반대

 

① unconditional loyalty

② positive attitude

③ internal protest

④ competitive atmosphere

⑤ outstanding performance

 

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

One of the most striking characteristics of a sleeping animal or person is that they do not respond normally to environmental stimuli. If you open the eyelids of a sleeping mammal the eyes will not see normally—they _________________________. Some visual information apparently gets in, but it is not normally processed as it is shortened or weakened; same with the other sensing systems. Stimuli are registered but not processed normally and they fail to wake the individual. Perceptual disengagement probably serves the function of protecting sleep, so some authors do not count it as part of the definition of sleep itself. But as sleep would be impossible without it, it seems essential to its definition. Nevertheless, many animals (including humans) use the intermediate state of drowsiness to derive some benefits of sleep without total perceptual disengagement.

*stimuli: 자극 **disengagement: 이탈 ***drowsiness: 졸음

 

① get recovered easily

② will see much better

③ are functionally blind

④ are completely activated

⑤ process visual information

 

 

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

A number of research studies have shown how experts in a field often experience difficulties when introducing newcomers to that field. For example, in a genuine training situation, Dr Pamela Hinds found that people expert in using mobile phones were remarkably less accurate than novice phone users in judging how long it takes people to learn to use the phones. Experts can become insensitive to how hard a task is for the beginner, an effect referred to as the ‘curse of knowledge’. Dr Hinds was able to show that as people acquired the skill, they then began to underestimate the level of difficulty of that skill. Her participants even underestimated how long it had taken themselves to acquire that skill in an earlier session. Knowing that experts forget how hard it was for them to learn, we can understand the need to ______________________________, rather than making assumptions about how students ‘should be’ learning.

*novice: 초보

 

① focus on the new functions of digital devices

② apply new learning theories recently released

③ develop varieties of methods to test students

④ forget the difficulties that we have had as students

⑤ look at the learning process through students’ eyes

 

 

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The costs of _________________ are well­documented. Martin Luther King Jr. lamented them when he described “that lovely poem that didn’t get written because someone knocked on the door.” Perhaps the most famous literary example happened in 1797 when Samuel Taylor Coleridge started writing his poem Kubla Khan from a dream he had but then was visited by an unexpected guest. For Coleridge, by coincidence, the untimely visitor came at a particularly bad time. He forgot his inspiration and left the work unfinished. While there are many documented cases of sudden disruptions that have had significant consequences for professionals in critical roles such as doctors, nurses, control room operators, stock traders, and pilots, they also impact most of us in our everyday lives, slowing down work productivity and generally increasing stress levels.

*lament: 슬퍼하다

 

① misunderstandings

② interruptions

③ inequalities

④ regulations

⑤ arguments

 

   

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

There’s a lot of scientific evidence demonstrating that focused attention leads to ______________________. In animals rewarded for noticing sound (to hunt or to avoid being hunted for example), we find much larger auditory centers in the brain. In animals rewarded for sharp eyesight, the visual areas are larger. Brain scans of violinists provide more evidence, showing dramatic growth and expansion in regions of the cortex that represent the left hand, which has to finger the strings precisely, often at very high speed. Other studies have shown that the hippocampus, which is vital for spatial memory, is enlarged in taxi drivers. The point is that the physical architecture of the brain changes according to where we direct our attention and what we practice doing.

*cortex: (대뇌) 피질(皮質)

**hippocampus: (대뇌 측두엽의) 해마

 

① improved decision making

② the reshaping of the brain

③ long­term mental tiredness

④ the development of hand skills

⑤ increased levels of self­control

 

 

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

How did the human mind evolve? One possibility is that _________________________________________ caused our brains to evolve the way they did. A human tribe that could out­think its enemies, even slightly, possessed a vital advantage. The ability of your tribe to imagine and predict where and when a hostile enemy tribe might strike, and plan accordingly, gives your tribe a significant military advantage. The human mind became a weapon in the struggle for survival, a weapon far more decisive than any before it. And this mental advantage was applied, over and over, within each succeeding generation. The tribe that could out­think its opponents was more likely to succeed in battle and would then pass on the genes responsible for this mental advantage to its offspring. You and I are the descendants of the winners.

 

① physical power to easily hunt prey

② individual responsibility in one’s inner circle

③ instinctive tendency to avoid natural disasters

④ superiority in the number of one’s descendants

⑤ competition and conflicts with other human tribes

 

       

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

To find the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called brainwriting. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them anonymously among the group. To preserve independent judgment, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine the most promising options. By _____________________________________ before choosing and elaborating them, teams can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise. This brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all voices are brought into the conversation. It is especially effective in groups that struggle to achieve collective intelligence.

*anonymously: 익명으로 **surface: 드러내다

 

① developing and assessing ideas individually

② presenting and discussing ideas out loud

③ assigning different roles to each member

④ coming to an agreement on these options

⑤ skipping the step of judging these options

 

    

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

You hear again and again that some of the greatest composers were misunderstood in their own day. Not everyone could understand the compositions of Beethoven, Brahms, or Stravinsky in their day. The reason for this initial lack of acceptance is unfamiliarity. The musical forms, or ideas expressed within them, were completely new. And yet, this is exactly one of the things that makes them so great. Effective composers have their own ideas. Have you ever seen the classic movie Amadeus? The composer Antonio Salieri is the “host” of this movie; he’s depicted as one of the most famous non-great composers—he lived at the time of Mozart and was completely overshadowed by him. Now, Salieri wasn’t a bad composer; in fact, he was a very good one. But he wasn’t one of the world’s great composers because his work wasn’t _______________. What he wrote sounded just like what everyone else was composing at the time.

 

① simple ② original ③ familiar

④ conventional ⑤ understandable

 

      

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

Every time a new medium comes along—whether it’s the invention of the printed book, or TV, or SNS—and you start to use it, it’s like you are putting on a new kind of goggles, with their own special colors and lenses. Each set of goggles you put on makes you see things differently. So when you start to watch television, before you absorb the message of any particular TV show—whether it’s Wheel of Fortune or The Wire—you start to see the world as being shaped like television itself. That’s why Marshall McLuhan said that every time a new medium comes along—a new way for humans to communicate—it has buried in it a message. It is gently guiding us to ________________ _________________________. The way information gets to you, McLuhan argued, is more important than the information itself. TV teaches you that the world is fast; that it’s about surfaces and appearances.

 

① see the world according to a new set of codes

② ignore unfamiliar messages from new media

③ maintain steady focus and clear understanding

④ interpret information through a traditional lens

⑤ enjoy various media contents with one platform

 

 

    

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

Concepts are vital to human survival, but we must also be careful with them because concepts open the door to essentialism. They ______________________ _____________________. Stuart Firestein opens his book, Ignorance, with an old proverb, “It is very difficult to find a black cat in a dark room, especially when there is no cat.” This statement beautifully sums up the search for essences. History has many examples of scientists who searched fruitlessly for an essence because they used the wrong concept to guide their hypotheses. Firestein gives the example of luminiferous ether, a mysterious substance that was thought to fill the universe so that light would have a medium to move through. The ether was a black cat, writes Firestein, and physicists had been theorizing in a dark room, and then experimenting in it, looking for evidence of a cat that did not exist.

 

① encourage us to see things that aren’t present

② force scientists to simplify scientific theories

③ let us think science is essential and practical

④ drive physicists to explore philosophy

⑤ lead us to ignore the unknown

 

    

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

While social media attention is potentially an instrument to achieve ends like elite celebrity, some content creators desire ordinary fame as a social end in itself. Not unlike reality television stars, social media celebrities are often criticized for not having skills and talents associated with traditional, elite celebrity, such as acting or singing ability. This criticism highlights the fact that digital content creators face real barriers to crossing over to the sphere of elite celebrity. However, the criticism also misses the point that the phenomenon of ordinary celebrity _____________________________________. The elite celebrity is symbolized by the metaphor of the star, characterized by mystery and hierarchical distance and associated with naturalized qualities of talent and class. The ordinary celebrity attracts attention through regular and frequent interactions with other ordinary people. Achieving ordinary fame as a social media celebrity is like doing well at a game, because in this sphere, fame is nothing more nor less than relatively high scores on attention scales, the metrics of subscribers, followers, Likes, or clicks built into social media applications.

*sphere: 영역 **metric: 측정 기준

 

① shifts to that of elite celebrity

② disappears gradually over time

③ focuses solely on talent and class

④ reconstructs the meaning of fame

⑤ restricts interactions with the public

 

    

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The best defence most species of octopus have is to stay hidden as much as possible and do their own hunting at night. So to find one in full view in the shallows in daylight was a surprise for two Australian underwater photographers. Actually, what they saw at first was a flounder. It was only when they looked again that they saw a medium-sized octopus, with all eight of its arms folded and its two eyes staring upwards to _________________________. An octopus has a big brain, excellent eyesight and the ability to change colour and pattern, and this one was using these assets to turn itself into a completely different creature. Many more of this species have been found since then, and there are now photographs of octopuses that could be said to be transforming into sea snakes. And while they mimic, they hunt—producing the spectacle of, say, a flounder suddenly developing an octopodian arm, sticking it down a hole and grabbing whatever’s hiding there.

*flounder: 넙치 **mimic: 모방하다

 

① get a broad view

② create the illusion

③ capture the moment

④ find its hiding spot

⑤ mark its territory

 

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

How much we suffer relates to ____________________ _________________________. When 1500m runners push themselves into extreme pain to win a race—their muscles screaming and their lungs exploding with oxygen deficit, they don’t psychologically suffer much. In fact, ultra-marathon runners—those people who are crazy enough to push themselves beyond the normal boundaries of human endurance, covering distances of 50 - 100km or more over many hours, talk about making friends with their pain. When a patient has paid for some form of passive back pain therapy and the practitioner pushes deeply into a painful part of a patient’s back to mobilise it, the patient calls that good pain if he or she believes this type of deep pressure treatment will be of value, even though the practitioner is pushing right into the patient’s sore tissues.

 

① how long we have been in pain

② how we frame the pain in our mind

③ how fast we can recover from past pain

④ what part of our body we train regularly

⑤ what treatment we receive from experts

 

      

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

When I worked for a large electronics company that manufactured laser and ink-jet printers, I soon discovered why there are often three versions of many consumer goods. If the manufacturer makes only one version of its product, people who bought it might have been willing to spend more money, so the company is losing some income. If the company offers two versions, one with more features and more expensive than the other, people will compare the two models and still buy the less expensive one. But if the company introduces a third model with even more features and more expensive than the other two, sales of the second model go up; many people like the features of the most expensive model, but not the price. The middle item has more features than the least expensive one, and it is less expensive than the fanciest model. They buy the middle item, unaware that they have been ________________________________.

 

① manipulated by the presence of the higher-priced item

② persuaded by a high-volume, low-margin strategy

③ tricked to keep purchasing unnecessary products

④ fooled by the wrong information on the price

⑤ exposed to a discounted price repeatedly

 

    

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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

On-screen, climate disaster is everywhere you look, but the scope of the world’s climate transformation may just as quickly eliminate the climate-fiction genre—indeed eliminate any effort to tell the story of warming, which could grow too large and too obvious even for Hollywood. You can tell stories ‘about’ climate change while it still seems a marginal feature of human life. But when the temperature rises by three or four more degrees, hardly anyone will be able to feel isolated from its impacts. And so as climate change expands across the horizon, ______________________________. Why watch or read climate fiction about the world you can see plainly out your own window? At the moment, stories illustrating global warming can still offer an escapist pleasure, even if that pleasure often comes in the form of horror. But when we can no longer pretend that climate suffering is distant—in time or in place—we will stop pretending about it and start pretending within it.

 

① it may resolve on its own

② it may cease to be a story

③ a forgotten genre will be reborn

④ its impact will be overestimated

⑤ the story’s plot will become complex

 

 

고1-[2024년 모의고사 유형별] 빈칸추론(학생용).hwp

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고1-[2024년 모의고사 유형별] 빈칸추론(교사용).hwp

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