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모든 학교들 시험보기 마지막 시험범위중 시험에 나올 가능성이 높은 지문들은 따로 최종 정리 문제를 만들어 준다.
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실제 시험문제 총 27문제중 시험범위에 없던 외부지문 6개를 제외한 21문제중 9문제가 시험전날 최종 점검문제 38문제와 정확하게 같거나 유사하게 출제되어짐
실제나온 시험문제와 최종 변형문제들간의 유사성을 비교해보자.
꽤 적중률이 높다
| (H 고등학교 실제 시험문제) | 최종 정리 변형문제 |
| 1.글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? Our language helps to reveal our deeper assumptions. Think of these revealing phrases: When we accomplish something important, we say it took “blood, sweat, and tears.” We say important achievements are “hard-earned.” We recommend a “hard day’s work” when “day’s work” would be enough. When we talk of “easy money,” we are implying it was obtained through illegal or questionable means. We use the phrase “That’s easy for you to say” as a criticism, usually when we are seeking to invalidate someone’s opinion. It’s like we all automatically accept that the “right” way is, inevitably, the harder one. In my experience this is hardly ever questioned. What would happen if you do challenge this sacred cow? We don’t even pause to consider that something important and valuable could be made easy. What if the biggest thing keeping us from doing what matters is the false assumption that it has to take huge effort? ① 언어 표현은 사회적 관습과 문화적 가치를 반영한다. ② 의미 있는 성취를 위해서는 노력과 희생이 필수적이다. ③ 사회적 관습은 개인의 선택을 제한하고 고정된 사고를 강요한다. ④ 노력을 들이지 않고 좋은 결과를 얻고자 하는 마음을 경계해야 한다. ⑤ 가치 있는 일은 반드시 어렵게 이루어져야 한다는 고정관념을 깨야 한다. | 1.글의 제목으로 알맞은 것은? Our language helps to reveal our deeper assumptions. Think of these revealing phrases: When we accomplish something important, we say it took “blood, sweat, and tears.” We say important achievements are “hard-earned.” We recommend a “hard day’s work” when “day’s work” would be enough. When we talk of “easy money,” we are implying it was obtained through illegal or questionable means. We use the phrase “That’s easy for you to say” as a criticism, usually when we are seeking to invalidate someone’s opinion. It’s like we all automatically accept that the “right” way is, inevitably, the harder one. In my experience this is hardly ever questioned. What would happen if you do challenge this sacred cow? We don’t even pause to consider that something important and valuable could be made easy. What if the biggest thing keeping us from doing what matters is the false assumption that it has to take huge effort? ① The Pitfalls of Seeking Easy Success ② Challenging the Assumption That Hard Work Is the Only Way ③ Why "Easy Money" Should Be Reconsidered ④ The Link Between Language and Ethical Behavior ⑤ The Value of Effort in Achieving Great Things |
<하반부 빈칸 문제는 글의 주제,제목과 동일한 방식으로 풀이>
| 4. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? You may have seen headlines in the news about some of the things machines powered by artificial intelligence can do. However, if you were to consider all the tasks that AI-powered machines could actually perform, it would be quite mind-blowing! One of the key features of artificial intelligence is that it enables machines to learn new things, rather than requiring programming specific to new tasks. Therefore, the core difference between computers of the future and those of the past is that future computers will be able to learn and self-improve. In the near future, smart virtual assistants will know more about you than your closest friends and family members do. Can you imagine how that might change our lives? These kinds of changes are exactly why it is so important to recognize the implications that new technologies will have for our world. ① limitations of human capacities in learning new things ② significance of realizing the impact of self-learning AI machines ③ difficulty of drawing general conclusions on using AI-powered machines ④ individuals' commitment to finding answers for AI-related issues ⑤ importance of developing specific programming for new tasks | 26. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 알맞은 것은? You may have seen headlines in the news about some of the things machines powered by artificial intelligence can do. However, if you were to consider all the tasks that AI-powered machines could actually perform, it would be quite mind-blowing! One of the key features of artificial intelligence is that it enables machines to learn new things, rather than requiring programming specific to new tasks. Therefore, the core difference between computers of the future and those of the past is that future computers __________. In the near future, smart virtual assistants will know more about you than your closest friends and family members do. Can you imagine how that might change our lives? These kinds of changes are exactly why it is so important to recognize the implications that new technologies will have for our world. ① will have to be programmed for each new task ② will be capable of acquiring new knowledge and improving themselves ③ will rely on pre-set programming for specific tasks ④ will need constant updates to function properly ⑤ will only function with detailed instructions for each job |
| 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 5. Should we use language to understand mind or mind to understand language? Analytic philosophy historically assumes that language is basic and that mind would make sense if proper use of language was appreciated. Modern cognitive science, however, rightly judges that language is just one aspect of mind of great importance in human beings but not fundamental to all kinds of thinking. Countless species of animals manage to navigate the world, solve problems, and learn without using language, through brain mechanisms that are largely preserved in the minds of humans. There is no reason to assume that language is fundamental to mental operations. Nevertheless, language is enormously important in human life and contributes largely to our ability to cooperate with each other in dealing with the world. Our species homo sapiens has been astonishingly successful, which depended in part on language, first as an effective contributor to collaborative problem solving and much later, as collective memory through written records. ① Is Language Essential for Thinking? ② How Animals Thrive Without Language ③ Language as the Sole Driver of Human Success ④ Language as the Key to Understanding Consciousness ⑤ How Written Language Revolutionized Human History | 27. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 알맞은 것은? Should we use language to understand mind or mind to understand language? Analytic philosophy historically assumes that language is basic and that mind would make sense if proper use of language was appreciated. Modern cognitive science, however, rightly judges that language is just one aspect of mind of great importance in human beings but not fundamental to all kinds of thinking. Countless species of animals manage to navigate the world, solve problems, and learn without using language, through brain mechanisms that are largely preserved in the minds of humans. There is no reason to assume that language is fundamental to mental operations. Nevertheless, language is enormously important in human life and contributes largely to our ability to cooperate with each other in dealing with the world.Our species homo sapiens has been astonishingly successful, which depended in part on language, first as an effective contributor to collaborative problem solving and much later, as collective memory through written records. Hence philosophy of language remains an important but not primar ① Philosophy of language serves as a fundamental aspect of philosophy. ② Philosophy of language represents the most important part of philosophy. ③ Philosophy of language remains an important but not primary part of philosophy. ④ Philosophy of language evolves into the basis of philosophical thought. ⑤ Philosophy of language defines the boundaries of human cognition. |
| 10. 글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치는? It was no longer almost ready-made at birth but something to be discovered. In modern times, social mobility increased, and people began to exercise a higher degree of choice regarding, for instance, their profession, their marriage, or their religion. ( ① ) This posed a challenge to traditional roles in society. ( ② ) It was less evident that one needed to commit to the roles one was born into when alternatives could be realized. ( ③ ) Increasing control over one's life choices became not only possible but desired. ( ④ ) Identity then became a problem. ( ⑤ ) Traditional role identities prescribed by society began to appear as masks imposed on people whose real self was to be found somewhere underneath. | 37.글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치는? This posed a challenge to traditional roles in society. In modern times, society became more dynamic.( ①) Social mobility increased, and people began to exercise a higher degree of choice regarding, for instance, their profession, their marriage, or their religion.( ②) It was less evident that one needed to commit to the roles one was born into when alternatives could be realized.( ③ )Increasing control over one’s life choices became not only possible but desired. Identity then became a problem. (④) It was no longer almost ready-made at birth but something to be discovered.( ⑤) Traditional role identities prescribed by society began to appear as masks imposed on people whose real self was to be found somewhere underneath. |
| 11. 글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치는? This is partly due to potassium being a blocker against magnesium absorption by plants. The reduction of minerals in our food is the result of using pesticides and fertilizers that kill off beneficial bacteria, earthworms, and bugs in the soil that create many of the essential nutrients in the first place and prevent the uptake of nutrients into the plant. ( ① ) Fertilizing crops with nitrogen and potassium has led to declines in magnesium, zinc, iron and iodine. ( ② ) For example, there has been on average about a 30% decline in the magnesium content of wheat. ( ③ ) Lower magnesium levels in soil also occur with acidic soils and around 70% of the farmland on earth is now acidic. ( ④ ) Thus, the overall characteristics of soil determine the accumulation of minerals in plants. ( ⑤ ) Indeed, nowadays our soil is less healthy and so are the plants grown on it. | 38.글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치는? This is partly due to potassium being a blocker against magnesium absorption by plants. The reduction of minerals in our food is the result of using pesticides and fertilizers that kill off beneficial bacteria, earthworms, and bugs in the soil that create many of the essential nutrients in the first place and prevent the uptake of nutrients into the plant.(① )Fertilizing crops with nitrogen and potassium has led to declines in magnesium, zinc, iron and iodine.( ② )For example, there has been on average about a 30% decline in the magnesium content of wheat. (③) Lower magnesium levels in soil also occur with acidic soils and around 70% of the farmland on earth is now acidic.( ④)Thus, the overall characteristics of soil determine the accumulation of minerals in plants. (⑤)Indeed, nowadays our soil is less healthy and so are the plants grown on it. |
| 17. Life is what physicists might call a 'high-dimensional system,' which is their fancy way of saying that there's a lot going on. In just a single cell, the number of possible interactions between different molecules is ① immense. Such a system can only hope to be stable if only a ② smaller number of collective ways of being may emerge. For example, it is only a limited number of tissues and body shapes that may result from the development of a human embryo. In 1942, the biologist Conrad Waddington called this drastic ③ contraction of outcomes canalization. The organism may switch between a small number of ④ clean-cut possible states, but can't exist in random states in between them, rather as a ball in a rough landscape must roll to the bottom of one valley or another. We'll see that this is true also of health and disease: there are many causes of illness, but their manifestations at the physiological and symptomatic levels often bear little ⑤ resemblance. | 17. Life is what physicists might call a ‘high-dimensional system,’ which is their fancy way of saying that there’s a lot going on. In just a single cell, the number of possible interactions between different molecules is ① vast. Such a system can only hope to be stable if only a smaller number of collective ways of being may emerge. For example, it is only a limited number of tissues and body shapes that may result from the development of a human embryo. In 1942, the biologist Conrad Waddington called this ② drastic narrowing of outcomes canalization. The organism may switch between a small number of well-defined possible states, but can’t exist in random states in between them, rather as a ball in a rough landscape must roll to the bottom of one valley or another. We’ll see that this is true also of health and disease: there are many ③ triggers of illness, but their manifestations at the physiological and symptomatic levels are often ④ consistent. This narrowing means that complex systems like life have a surprising degree of ⑤ randomness. |
| 20. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 알맞은 것은? Herbert Simon won his Nobel Prize for recognizing our limitations in information, time, and cognitive capacity. As we lack the resources to compute answers independently, we distribute the computation across the population and solve the answer slowly, generation by generation. Then all we have to do is socially learn the right answers. You don't need to understand how your computer or toilet works; you just need to be able to use the interface and flush. All that needs to be transmitted is which button to push—essentially how to interact with technologies rather than how they work. And so instead of holding more information than we have mental capacity for and indeed need to know, we could dedicate our large brains to a small piece of a giant calculation. We understand things well enough to benefit from them, but all the while we are making small calculations that __________. We are just doing our job in a larger computation for our societies' collective brains. ① work in specific situation ② use data for testing purposes ③ play a part in a greater system ④ identify fatal flaws in the process ⑤ make the system more complicated | 8. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. Herbert Simon won his Nobel Prize for recognizing our limitations in information, time, and cognitive capacity. As we lack the resources to compute answers independently, we distribute the computation across the population and solve the answer slowly, generation by generation. Then all we have to do is socially learn the right answers. You don’t need to understand how your computer or toilet works; you just need to be able to use the interface and flush. All that needs to be transmitted is which button to push―essentially how to interact with technologies rather than how they work. And so instead of holding more information than we have mental capacity for and indeed need to know, we could dedicate our large brains to a small piece of a giant calculation. We understand things well enough to benefit from them, but all the while we are making small calculations that contribute to a larger whole. We are just doing our part in a larger computation for our societies’ collective brains. ① The Power of Collective Computation in Human Societies ② Why Humans Depend on Simplified Models of Technology ③ Herbert Simon’s Theory of Cognitive Limitations and Solutions ④ How Societies Function as Collective Brains ⑤ The Evolution of Technology Through Generational Learning |
| 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 25. On-screen, climate disaster is everywhere you look, but the scope of the world's climate transformation may just as quickly eliminate the climate-fiction genre—indeed eliminate any effort to tell the story of warming, which could grow too large and too obvious even for Hollywood. You can tell stories 'about' climate change while it still seems a marginal feature of human life. But when the temperature rises by three or four more degrees, hardly anyone will be able to feel isolated from its impacts. And so as climate change expands across the horizon, it may cease to be a story. Why watch or read climate fiction about the world you can see plainly out your own window? At the moment, stories illustrating global warming can still offer an escapist pleasure, even if that pleasure often comes in the form of horror. But when we can no longer pretend that climate suffering is distant - in time or in place—we will stop pretending about it and start pretending within it. ① continues at the same pace ② transforms the landscape of the region ③ appears to hold no relevance to our lives ④ becomes inevitable and tangible in people's lives ⑤ makes us prefer an escapist genre, not a documentary | 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 24. On-screen, climate disaster is everywhere you look, but the scope of the world’s climate transformation may just as quickly eliminate the climate-fiction genre—indeed eliminate any effort to tell the story of warming, which could grow too large and too obvious even for Hollywood. You can tell stories ‘about’ climate change while it still seems a marginal feature of human life. But when the temperature rises by three or four more degrees, hardly anyone will be able to feel isolated from its impacts. And so as climate change expands across the horizon, it may cease to be a story. Why watch or read climate fiction about the world you can see plainly out your own window? At the moment, stories illustrating global warming can still offer an escapist pleasure, even if that pleasure often comes in the form of horror. But when we can no longer pretend that climate suffering is distant—in time or in place—we will stop pretending about it and start pretending within it. ① Climate change stories will evolve into speculative fiction about adapting to future realities. ② People will shift their focus from creating fictional narratives about climate change to dramatizing its effects. ③ Society will deny the impacts of climate change even as they become more apparent. ④ Climate change will no longer be a fictional narrative but a lived reality for everyone. ⑤ Humans will continue to create fictional accounts of climate change to cope with its impacts. |
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 26. Since the turn of the twentieth century we've believed in genetic causes of diagnoses - a theory called genetic determinism. Under this model, our genes (and subsequent health) are determined at birth. We are "destined" to inherit certain diseases based on the misfortune of our DNA. Genetic determinism doesn't consider the role of family backgrounds, traumas, habits, or anything else within the environment. In this dynamic we are not active participants in our own health and wellness. Why would we be? If something is predetermined, it's not necessary to look at anything beyond our DNA. But the more science has learned about the body and its interaction with the environment around it (in its various forms, from our nutrition to our relationships to our racially oppressive systems), the more complex the story becomes. We are not merely expressions of coding but products of a remarkable variety of interactions that are both within and outside of our control. Once we see beyond the narrative that genetics are destiny, we can take ownership of our health. This allows us to see how "choiceless" we once were and empowers us with the ability to create real and lasting change. ① Our genetic code determines how we interact with the world. ② Human health is defined solely by what lies beyond our control. ③ We are shaped by the interplay between genetics and external factors. ④ Genetics alone are enough to determine an individual's health outcomes. ⑤ Environmental factors have no significant influence compared to genetics. | 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. 21. Since the turn of the twentieth century we’ve believed in genetic causes of diagnoses—a theory called genetic determinism. Under this model, our genes (and subsequent health) are determined at birth. We are “destined” to inherit certain diseases based on the misfortune of our DNA. Genetic determinism doesn’t consider the role of family backgrounds, traumas, habits, or anything else within the environment. In this dynamic we are not active participants in our own health and wellness. Why would we be? If something is predetermined, it’s not necessary to look at anything beyond our DNA. But the more science has learned about the body and its interaction with the environment around it (in its various forms, from our nutrition to our relationships to our racially oppressive systems), the more complicated the story becomes. We are not merely expressions of coding but products of a remarkable variety of interactions that are both within and outside of our control. Once we see beyond the narrative that genetics are destiny, we can take ownership of our health. This allows us to see how “choiceless” we once were and empowers us with the ability to create real and lasting change. ① Human health and identity are solely dictated by genetic makeup. ② The complexity of health involves factors beyond DNA, including environmental and social influences. ③ Environmental factors are insignificant compared to genetic coding in determining health outcomes. ④ Advances in science have proven that genes can directly control all aspects of human behavior. ⑤ The role of genetic coding in health is irrelevant in comparison to other external influences. |
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